I suppose you get into astronomy because you're interested in outer space. Your question is like asking a soil scientist about something you found on a pavement.
The traditional approach in Java has been to let those things happen in third party space, then form an expert group to standardise a shared API for them. That was done with XML parsers and ORM fairly successfully. It doesn't always work, as with your examples - there was an attempt with logging, but it was done badly, JSR-305 ran around, etc. But I think it's a much better approach than the JDK maintainers trying to get it right first time.
Mercurial has serial numbers which work like this ("revision numbers"), but you can only see your local repo's serial number. There's no concept of a public revision number authority.
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