Handful of states and territories in Australia are doing this, and while I like the idea I haven't found a single person who has returned their bottles (including myself), instead just absorbed the additional cost into their expenses.
The cost needs to be high enough to either get really high return rates and/or to cover the costs to society of undoing whatever damage is done by what is left.
Note that a key part is also that the most convenient option offered to comply needs to be to participate in recycling.
In Norway you hand bottles or cans in pretty much anywhere that sells them. Which means most people just bring them in next time they go to the grocery store.
If you require people to bring them to special recycling locations you should expect return rates to plummet.
